Decades of war, poverty, and fossil fuel extraction have devastated the country’s environment and its people. Top: Kamila Rashid says an oil refinery now sits on what used to be her family’s land. All photos by LYNZY BILLING for UNDARK IT’S 6 P.M. and the pink-tinged skies turn black above Agolan, a village on the outskirts of Erbil in the Kurdistan region of norther
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Global growth to slow through 2023: New Global Economic Prospects report Following a strong rebound in 2021, the global economy is entering a pronounced slowdown amid fresh threats from COVID-19 variants and a rise in inflation, debt, and income inequality that could endanger the recovery in emerging and developing economies, according to the World Bank’s lat
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In Iraqi folklore, Saturday is both an ominous and auspicious day. Iraqis say it is Awwad —“repetitive” — and hence they prefer to postpone taking important decisions to other days of the week. For many Iraqis this week, the news of Dr. Sinan al-Shabibi’s unfortunate passing on Saturday, Jan. 8 could not have come on a worse day. While the loss of one of Iraq’s last firmly inde
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Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Economics, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, July 1979 Supervisor: Professor Edith Penrose Download PDF SOAS thesis
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From the wheel to the sailboat, the Mesopotamians were responsible for countless inventions still used today. This article unpacks ten of the most surprising inventions from this ancient civilization. Close up Relief of Ashurnasirpal II Hunting Lions, 865-60 BC, via The British Museum, London Ancient Mesopotamia was a powerhouse of agriculture and
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