THE CURSE OF NATURAL RESOURCES, QUALITY OF INSTITUTIONS, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE CASE OF MENA COUNTRIES. By Ahmed Hussein Naser *

There is a big debate among economists, why are the resource-rich economies growing slower than resource-poor economies? Which is making this puzzle more difficult, there are two  groups of resources-rich abundance countries one group grow more than other ones. For instance, the Arabic Gulf, Nigeria, and Venezuela are growing slower than Botswanan, Norway, and Australia, but bo

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Book: Central Bank Independence, Regulations, and Monetary Policy. – From Germany and Greece to China and the United States

Autor: Ranajoy Ray Chaudhuri Acknowledgments This book would not have been possible without the support of many. I owe a significant debt to Paul Evans for fostering my interest in banking, central banks and monetary policy. Conversations with Jason Seligman at The Ohio State University and Joseph Kaboski at the University of Notre Dame were instrumental in shaping the bo

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Energy crisis feared by Europe long a reality in Iraq. By Tony Gamal-Gabriel

Europe may fear an energy crisis over the coming winter, but for Iraqis an unstable power supply and frequent blackouts have been a reality during decades of war and turmoil. The Middle Eastern country is rich in oil, but endemic corruption and devastating conflict have taken a heavy toll on its infrastructure and forced most of its 42 million people to adapt. The noise o

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Iraq Energy Profile: Second Largest Crude Oil Producer In OPEC – Analysis

Petroleum and other liquids Iraq’s crude oil production (excluding condensates) averaged 4.1 million barrels per day (b/d) in 2020 and 2021, which was 600,000 b/d lower than in 2019 (Figure 2). More than 3.6 million b/d was produced under the central government in Baghdad, and about 445,000 b/d was produced at the northern fields currently operated by the KRG.15 Iraq created a

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