IMF: World Economic Outlook – October 2021

The analysis and projections contained in the World Economic Outlook are integral elements of the IMF’s surveillance of economic developments and policies in its member countries, of developments in international financial markets, and of the global economic system. The survey of prospects and policies is the product of a comprehensive interdepartmental review of world economic

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Brief Structural Analysis of the Original Iraqi 2021 Federal Budget, its Subsequent Amendments, Alignment with the White Paper and Break-Even Oil Price: By Hashim Al-Ali *

Introduction The Federal 2021 budget has been prepared by MOF and has been submitted to the council of ministers (COM), at the beginning of the budget year (January 2021). The COM has discussed and approved the draft budget and submitted to the council of representatives (COR), for further discussion and final approval. It has been taken about four months for the COR to comple

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Corruption: A Brutal Enemy of Economic Diversification. By Siham Matallah

Abstract This paper aims, on the one hand, to investigate the impact of corruption on economic diversification in 11 oil-abundant Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries and three successful diversifiers (Canada, Norway, and Malaysia) over the period 1996-2019. This is done using the Arellano-Bond difference Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator that is effective

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